Using an unlevered Free Cash Flow to Firm (FCFF) model, we project Income Opportunity Realty Investors, Inc.'s cash flows over 5 years with line-by-line expense modeling. Revenue is projected revenue growing from 7.5% to 3.9% annually, with expenses (COGS, SG&A, R&D) held at historical ratios. Depreciation is computed from a vintage matrix based on a 5-year useful life. Working capital is modeled using historical turnover days (DSO 4786, DPO 30, DIO 60). At a 7.4% WACC with mid-year discounting, the terminal value (55% of enterprise value) is derived by applying the industry peer median EV/EBITDA multiple of 6.9x to Year 6 EBITDA. After subtracting net debt, the equity value implies a fair price of $6.23 per share, suggesting IOR is overvalued by 65.4% at the current price of $18.00.
Adjust parameters to explore scenarios. Changes are for exploration only and do not affect saved valuations.
| 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | Terminal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Profit Before Tax | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| (−) Net Interest | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| (+) D&A | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| EBITDA | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| (−) Tax | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — |
| (−) CapEx | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — |
| (−) ΔWC | -22 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 4 | — |
| Free Cash Flow (FCF) | 23 | -4 | -4 | -3 | -2 | — |
| Peers' EBITDA Multiple | 6.9x | |||||
| Terminal Value | 20 | |||||
| WACC / Discount Rate | 7.42% | |||||
| Timing of FCF (mid year) | 0.5 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 5 |
| Present Value of FCF | 22 | -4 | -3 | -2 | -2 | 14 |
| Enterprise Value | 25 | |||||
| Projection Period | 11 | 44.7% | ||||
| Terminal Value | 14 | 55.3% | ||||
| (−) Current Net Debt | (0) | |||||
| Equity Value | 25 | |||||
| (÷) Outstanding Shares | 4M | |||||
| Fair Price | $6 | -65.4% | ||||
| WACC \ EV/EBITDA Exit Multiple | 2.9x | 4.9x | 6.9x | 8.9x | 10.9x |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.4% | $4 | $5 | $6 | $8 | $9 |
| 6.4% | $4 | $5 | $6 | $7 | $8 |
| 7.4% | $4 | $5 | $6 | $7 | $8 |
| 8.4% | $4 | $5 | $6 | $7 | $8 |
| 9.4% | $4 | $5 | $6 | $7 | $8 |
Current price: $18.00. Green = undervalued, Red = overvalued.
Based on default parameters
Using an unlevered Free Cash Flow to Firm (FCFF) model, we project Income Opportunity Realty Investors, Inc.'s cash flows over 10 years with analyst estimates for the first 3–5 years, fading toward long-term GDP growth for the remaining years with line-by-line expense modeling. Revenue is projected revenue growing from 7.9% to 3.5% annually, with expenses (COGS, SG&A, R&D) held at historical ratios. Depreciation is computed from a vintage matrix based on a 5-year useful life. Working capital is modeled using historical turnover days (DSO 4786, DPO 30, DIO 60). At a 7.4% WACC with mid-year discounting, the terminal value (131% of enterprise value) is derived by applying the industry peer median EV/EBITDA multiple of 6.9x to Year 11 EBITDA. After subtracting net debt, the equity value implies a fair price of $2.48 per share, suggesting IOR is overvalued by 86.2% at the current price of $18.00.
Adjust parameters to explore scenarios. Changes are for exploration only and do not affect saved valuations.
| 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 | 2031 | 2032 | 2033 | 2034 | Terminal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Profit Before Tax | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| (−) Net Interest | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| (+) D&A | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| EBITDA | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| (−) Tax | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — |
| (−) CapEx | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | — |
| (−) ΔWC | -21 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | — |
| Free Cash Flow (FCF) | 23 | -5 | -5 | -5 | -4 | -4 | -4 | -3 | -3 | -2 | — |
| Peers' EBITDA Multiple | 6.9x | ||||||||||
| Terminal Value | 27 | ||||||||||
| WACC / Discount Rate | 7.42% | ||||||||||
| Timing of FCF (mid year) | 0.5 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 | 5 |
| Present Value of FCF | 22 | -5 | -4 | -4 | -3 | -3 | -2 | -2 | -1 | -1 | 13 |
| Enterprise Value | 10 | ||||||||||
| Projection Period | -3 | -31.1% | |||||||||
| Terminal Value | 13 | 131.1% | |||||||||
| (−) Current Net Debt | (0) | ||||||||||
| Equity Value | 10 | ||||||||||
| (÷) Outstanding Shares | 4M | ||||||||||
| Fair Price | $2 | -86.2% | |||||||||
| WACC \ EV/EBITDA Exit Multiple | 2.9x | 4.9x | 6.9x | 8.9x | 10.9x |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.4% | $0 | $2 | $3 | $4 | $5 |
| 6.4% | $0 | $2 | $3 | $4 | $5 |
| 7.4% | $1 | $2 | $2 | $3 | $4 |
| 8.4% | $1 | $2 | $2 | $3 | $4 |
| 9.4% | $1 | $2 | $2 | $3 | $4 |
Current price: $18.00. Green = undervalued, Red = overvalued.
Based on default parameters
Using the industry peer median P/E Multiples multiple (trailing + forward), Income Opportunity Realty Investors, Inc. (IOR) has a fair value of $16.12 based on 6 comparable companies in the Financial - Mortgages industry.
USD in millions except Fair Price. Subject company highlighted.
| Mkt Cap ($M) | Trailing P/E | Forward P/E | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Income Opportunity Realty Investors, Inc.IOR | 73 | 15.8x | — |
| Bank of the James Financial Group, Inc. | 106 | 11.7x | — |
| United Bancorp, Inc. | 94 | 12.2x | 12.1x |
| First US Bancshares, Inc. | 90 | 16.1x | — |
| Hennessy Advisors, Inc. | 81 | 8.1x | 5.0x |
| Fifth District Savings Bank | 80 | 18.9x | — |
| Central Plains Bancshares, Inc. Common Stock | 73 | 18.2x | — |
| Industry Median | 14.1x | 8.6x | |
| (*) Profit after tax | 5 | ||
| Equity Value | 66 | ||
| (/) Outstanding shares | 4 | ||
| Fair Price | $16 | ||
Using the industry peer median EV/EBITDA multiple (trailing + forward), Income Opportunity Realty Investors, Inc. (IOR) has a fair value of $9.98 based on 5 comparable companies in the Financial - Mortgages industry.
USD in millions except Fair Price. Subject company highlighted.
| Mkt Cap ($M) | Trailing EV/EBITDA | Forward EV/EBITDA | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Income Opportunity Realty Investors, Inc.IOR | 73 | 12.5x | — |
| Bank of the James Financial Group, Inc. | 106 | 6.9x | — |
| United Bancorp, Inc. | 94 | 23.4x | 41.8x |
| First US Bancshares, Inc. | 90 | 2.9x | 5.5x |
| Hennessy Advisors, Inc. | 81 | 3.7x | 2.4x |
| Central Plains Bancshares, Inc. Common Stock | 73 | 9.9x | — |
| Industry Median | 6.9x | 5.5x | |
| (*) EBITDA | 6 | ||
| = Enterprise Value | 41 | ||
| (-) Net Debt | -0 | ||
| Equity Value | 41 | ||
| (/) Outstanding shares | 4 | ||
| Fair Price | $10 | ||
Using the industry peer median EV/Revenue multiple (trailing + forward), Income Opportunity Realty Investors, Inc. (IOR) has a fair value of $2.14 based on 8 comparable companies in the Financial - Mortgages industry.
USD in millions except Fair Price. Subject company highlighted.
| Mkt Cap ($M) | Trailing EV/Revenue | Forward EV/Revenue | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Income Opportunity Realty Investors, Inc.IOR | 73 | 11.7x | — |
| Bank of the James Financial Group, Inc. | 106 | 1.4x | — |
| United Bancorp, Inc. | 94 | 4.6x | 8.1x |
| First US Bancshares, Inc. | 90 | 0.4x | 0.8x |
| Hennessy Advisors, Inc. | 81 | 1.4x | 0.9x |
| Fifth District Savings Bank | 80 | 3.4x | — |
| Central Plains Bancshares, Inc. Common Stock | 73 | 1.6x | — |
| Dominari Holdings Inc. | 52 | 0.2x | 0.8x |
| CID HoldCo, Inc. Common Stock | 6 | 1.2x | — |
| Industry Median | 1.4x | 0.9x | |
| (*) Revenue | 6 | ||
| = Enterprise Value | 9 | ||
| (-) Net Debt | -0 | ||
| Equity Value | 9 | ||
| (/) Outstanding shares | 4 | ||
| Fair Price | $2 | ||
Using the PEG framework with historical EPS growth of 9.9%, the company has a fair value of $11.23 based on TTM EPS (FY2024) of $1.14. The current PEG ratio is 1.60.
PEG < 1 = bargain, 1–1.5 = fair, > 2 = expensive.
PEG works well for steady growers with predictable earnings.
| EPS Growth RateHistorical | 9.9% |
| Adjusted Growth (clamped 8–25%) | 9.9% |
| Fair P/E | 9.9x |
| TTM EPS (FY2024) | $1.14 |
| Fair Value | $11.23 |
No analyst estimates available.
| Year | Net Income | EPS | YoY |
|---|---|---|---|
| FY2021 | $3.6M | $0.86 | — |
| FY2022 | $3.9M | $0.94 | +9.3% |
| FY2023 | $7.0M | $1.68 | +78.7% |
| FY2024 | $4.7M | $1.14 | -32.1% |
3Y Historical EPS CAGR: 9.9%
Using the Earnings Power Value framework with a WACC of 7.4% and normalized earnings of $4.0M, the company has a fair value of $13.35 per share. The EPV range is $11.11 – $16.73 based on WACC sensitivity (5.9% – 8.9%).
| Low | Selected | High | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Normalized Earnings | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| (/) WACC | 8.9% | 7.4% | 5.9% |
| Enterprise Value | 45 | 54 | 68 |
| (-) Net debt | -0 | -0 | -0 |
| Equity Value | 45 | 54 | 68 |
| (/) Outstanding shares | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Fair Price | $11.11 | $13.35 | $16.73 |
Disclaimer: Sweet Value Lab provides estimated intrinsic values for informational purposes only. This is not financial advice. All models rely on assumptions that may not reflect future performance. Always do your own research before making investment decisions.