Using the Earnings Power Value framework with a WACC of 7.7% and normalized earnings of $4.3B, The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. has a fair value of $181.26 per share. The EPV range is $149.39 – $228.48 based on WACC sensitivity (6.2% – 9.2%).
| Low | Selected | High | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Normalized Earnings | 4,341 | 4,341 | 4,341 |
| (/) WACC | 9.2% | 7.7% | 6.2% |
| Enterprise Value | 47,039 | 56,170 | 69,698 |
| (-) Net debt | 4,238 | 4,238 | 4,238 |
| Equity Value | 42,801 | 51,932 | 65,460 |
| (/) Outstanding shares | 287 | 287 | 287 |
| Fair Price | $149.39 | $181.26 | $228.48 |
Earnings Power Value (EPV) estimates what a company is worth based on its current normalized earnings, assuming zero growth. It values the business as a perpetuity: Normalized Earnings / WACC. This gives a conservative floor value — the company's worth if it never grows but maintains its current profitability.
The model normalizes earnings by: (1) using sustainable gross margins (5-year average) applied to current revenue, (2) deducting maintenance-level operating expenses (average R&D + SG&A as % of revenue), (3) applying the average effective tax rate, and (4) subtracting the average excess of CapEx over D&A (net reinvestment needed to maintain current capacity).
EPV is most useful as a comparison anchor: if the market price is below EPV, the stock may be undervalued even without any growth. If market price exceeds EPV, the premium reflects growth expectations — which may or may not materialize.